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The input–process–output (IPO) model, or input-process-output pattern, is a widely used approach in systems analysis and software engineering for describing the structure of an information processing program or other process. Many introductory programming and systems analysis texts introduce this as the most basic structure for describing a process.〔Grady, J. O., "System Engineering Planning and Enterprise Identity," Taylor & Francis, 1995.〕〔Goel, A., "Computer Fundamentals," Pearson Education India, 2010.〕〔Zelle, J., "Python Programming: An Introduction to Computer Science, 2nd edition," Franklin, Beedle, & Associates, 2010.〕〔Curry, A. and Flett, P. and Hollingsworth, I., "Managing Information and Systems: The Business Perspective," Routledge, 2006.〕 == Overview == A program or process using the input-process-output model receives inputs from a user or other source, does some computations on the inputs, and returns the results of the computations.〔 In essence the system separates itself from the environment, thus defining both inputs and outputs, as one united mechanism.〔 Waring A. Practical Systems Thinking, International Thomson Business Press: London. (1996)〕 The system would divide the work into two categories: * A requirement from the environment (input) * A provision for the environment (output) In other words, such inputs may be materials, human resources, money or information, transformed into outputs, such as consumables, services, new information or money. As a consequence, Input-Process-Output system becomes very vulnerable to misinterpretation. This is because, theoretically, it contains all the data, in regards to the environment outside the system, yet on practice, environment contains a significant variety of objects, that a system is unable to comprehend, as it exists outside systems control. As a result it is very important, to understand, where the boundary lies, between the system and the environment, which is beyond systems understanding. This is because, often various analysts, would set their own boundaries, favouring their point of view, thus creating much confusion.〔http://moazzen.net/uploads/file/SISEBOOK.pdf〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「IPO model」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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